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This is 500% better than the first one. Could this work? It has a little background information and some actual measurements. Unfortunately many of them are wrong.I wonder how he screwed the simplest part up so badly? It doesn't exactly instill confidence in his methodology.
MgSO⁴ (anhydrous) mol.wt=120.x g
MgSO⁴(heptahydrate,)mol.wt=246.x g
Ie magnesium sulfate holds just over its own weigh in water, which of course weighs 1g/1ml.
1/4 of a 946ml (quart) mason jar is 236ml.
236ml of MgSO⁴ weighs 654.36 grams!
The solubility of water in hexane is 0.01%, as such 1 gram of magnesium sulfate would be more than enough to ensure it is anhydrous and stays that way.
Ok, so he added over a lb too much drying agent to the hexane. The solubility of water in ethyl ether is 1.5% @20c, ie 1.5ml/100ml. A quart of ethyl ether can hold 15ml of water. 30g of MgSO⁴ would be a large excess. He added a lb too much drying agent.
The thing about magnesium sulfate as a drying agent is, it doesn't just hold water, it'll absorb your solvent too, so adding 300 times too much is going to cost you an assload of money. All around he screwed this part up. Did you know if you pull it out of the oven at 15 minutes and shake it and again at 30 minutes, it won't clump up. Trying to smash it with a hammer is a stupid idea. It's literally as hard as concrete if you don't mix it up.
The ratio of ammonium nitrate to ammonium sulfate is 80/132 (this is the mol.wt. Of each. Each molecule has an amino functional group and another moiety. The ammonia is the same in both, so the weight difference is the difference a nitrate and a sulfate.the ratio to get the same number of ammonia sustituents is 1/1.6, 160% the weight of the nitrate to get the same amount of ammonia from the sulfate. 60 grams of ammonium nitrate or 96 grams of ammonium sulphate. Hes using twice as much ammonia with the sulfate,, which 8 feel is the more likely correct number, 120g of nitrate or192 grams of sulfate. I bet the amount of lye to ammonium is wrong too. Yea. 90 grams of lye is 3 moles I think, which corresponds to 80x3 240 grams of ammoniumnitratevir 132x3, 396g of sulfate. This guy doesn't know how to balance an equation. If someone scrutinized it heavily, the corrections would be longer than the method. Your big brother isn't going to let you find a good and complete method on dns. He'll make you work your ass off to fail, and laugh at you while slapping the cuffs on your wrists.
MgSO⁴ (anhydrous) mol.wt=120.x g
MgSO⁴(heptahydrate,)mol.wt=246.x g
Ie magnesium sulfate holds just over its own weigh in water, which of course weighs 1g/1ml.
1/4 of a 946ml (quart) mason jar is 236ml.
236ml of MgSO⁴ weighs 654.36 grams!
The solubility of water in hexane is 0.01%, as such 1 gram of magnesium sulfate would be more than enough to ensure it is anhydrous and stays that way.
Ok, so he added over a lb too much drying agent to the hexane. The solubility of water in ethyl ether is 1.5% @20c, ie 1.5ml/100ml. A quart of ethyl ether can hold 15ml of water. 30g of MgSO⁴ would be a large excess. He added a lb too much drying agent.
The thing about magnesium sulfate as a drying agent is, it doesn't just hold water, it'll absorb your solvent too, so adding 300 times too much is going to cost you an assload of money. All around he screwed this part up. Did you know if you pull it out of the oven at 15 minutes and shake it and again at 30 minutes, it won't clump up. Trying to smash it with a hammer is a stupid idea. It's literally as hard as concrete if you don't mix it up.
The ratio of ammonium nitrate to ammonium sulfate is 80/132 (this is the mol.wt. Of each. Each molecule has an amino functional group and another moiety. The ammonia is the same in both, so the weight difference is the difference a nitrate and a sulfate.the ratio to get the same number of ammonia sustituents is 1/1.6, 160% the weight of the nitrate to get the same amount of ammonia from the sulfate. 60 grams of ammonium nitrate or 96 grams of ammonium sulphate. Hes using twice as much ammonia with the sulfate,, which 8 feel is the more likely correct number, 120g of nitrate or192 grams of sulfate. I bet the amount of lye to ammonium is wrong too. Yea. 90 grams of lye is 3 moles I think, which corresponds to 80x3 240 grams of ammoniumnitratevir 132x3, 396g of sulfate. This guy doesn't know how to balance an equation. If someone scrutinized it heavily, the corrections would be longer than the method. Your big brother isn't going to let you find a good and complete method on dns. He'll make you work your ass off to fail, and laugh at you while slapping the cuffs on your wrists.
You can't use Coleman's fuel?
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Because it might be blue. It's not a problem. Sometimes nitromethane is blue. Sometimes it's red. They dye it. You work up the Epsom salt by drying and crushing it, add it until it no longer clumps together, filtered or decant the magnesium sulfate out and use the stuff as soon as possible.
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Coleman fuel IS NOT a replacement for diethyl ether or hexane. Not at all. Coleman fuel is a crude mixture of hydrocarbons and diethyl ether and hexane are far more refined and not similar in properties
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Coleman's fuel or naphtha can be used on its own and it will work. In fact, diethyl ether, hexane or basically any NPS hydrocarbon will work on their own. Some will have different effects on this reaction than others. It is recommend to use a blend of these for the best results. Check out the pdf file that flatline posted, he goes on to explain the "how and why" of this whole process very well. For best results, this entire reaction needs to be as dry as possible.